Sequence-dependent setup and removal times in a two-machine job-shop with minimizing the schedule length

Abstract

This article addresses the job-shop problem of minimizing the schedule length (makespan) for processing n jobs on two machines with sequence-dependent setup and removal times. The processing of each job includes at most two operations that have to be non-preemptive. Machine routes may differ from job to job. If all setup and removal times are equal to zero, this problem is polynomially solvable via Jackson's pair of job permutations, otherwise it is NP-hard even if each of n jobs consists of one operation on the same machine. We present sufficient conditions when Jackson's pair of permutations may be used for solving the two-machine job-shop problem with sequence-dependent setup and removal times. For the general case of this problem, the results obtained provide polynomial lower and upper bounds for the objective function value which are used in a branch-and-bound algorithm. Computational experiments show that an exact solution for this problem may be obtained in a suitable time for n ≤ 280. We also develop a heuristic algorithm and present a worst case analysis for it.